Nursing Metaparadigm Basing on Dorothy Johnson’s Behavioral System Model

Metaparadigm is a set of ideas or theories that highlight the structure of a discipline's functionality. The nursing discipline comprises four basic concepts that address the nursing responsibilities, the patient's environment, the patient's well-being and health, and the patient as a whole (Yoost & Crawford, 2019). Despite several nursing theories, the four are the main nursing metaparadigms that collectively demonstrate how medical health and individuals' well-being are interconnected. Diverse researchers have published several frameworks and models which try to explain the four-nursing metaparadigm. This essay will focus on Dorothy Johnson’s Behavioral System Model's analogy to the four theories mentioned above. The nursing theory is an external regulatory force that provides resources while the patient is under stress or imposing regulatory mechanisms. The goal of this theory is to preserve the patient's organizational behavior. The behavioral system model further defines the nursing concept as an art of science that provides help both during and before system balance disturbance (HOLADAY, 2018). The nursing services personnel must have comprehensive knowledge on control, disorders, and disorders about the patient status. According to Johnson's model, the nursing theory has four goals that contribute to the assurance of the patient’s health and well-being. The first goal of the view is to help a patient whose behavior corresponds with social demands. For a patient to benefit from the nursing theory, the nurse who intends to offer their services should have enough educational background to handle the patient's demands. 

The nursing theory's second goal is to assist patients who can modify their behavior in ways that aid biological imperatives. The physical models that are expected to undergo behavioral modification include quality life-seeking, reproduction, and survival. Another goal of the theory is to help a patient who can benefit from the physician’s skills and knowledge to the fullest extent during the illness. If the skills and knowledge required to maintain the patient's health are beyond the physician's, the patient cannot fully receive the nursing services and be referred to more skilled personnel for assistance. Finally, the patient can only benefit from the theory if their behavior does not prove unworthy trauma due to the illness. The deeply distressing patient response, which can overwhelm their coping ability, should not manifest from the disease. From the above, we can conclude that the nursing theory in Dorothy Johnson’s Model is an external regulation to the patient. It requires vast skills and knowledge from the offering personnel. 

Dorothy Johnson’s Model states that the personal theory of the nursing metaparadigm is comprised of two major systems: the behavioral approach and the biological system.  The focus of the nursing metaparadigm is the behavioral system. It assumes that the design, behavioral system, should have some measure of constancy and regularity, which are essential aspects to individuals' and their social life (Yoost & Crawford, 2019). A person as a behavioral system has purposeful, repetitive, and patterned behavioral means that links the individual to the environment. 

The model describes the healthy theory of the nursing metaparadigm as the elusive state affected by psychological, biological, and social factors. Psychological health factors include feelings of grief or loss, relocation, and difficulties while socializing because you feel you don't belong to a group. On the other hand, biological health factors comprise age, sex, and inherited genetic conditions. These physical factors come with some health complications; for instance, some diseases are shared among the old such as Memory Loss and Alzheimer's Disease. On the part of social health factors, racism, stigma, and lack of education may lead to human health complications such as mental disorders. On the occurrence of health issues associated with these factors, an individual will be seeking to retain some equilibrium or balance (Smith, 2019). The individual's objective is to effectively and effectively keep the whole behavioral system, but with sufficient elasticity to return to an admissible balance if a malfunction interferes with the original balance. 

Dorothy Johnson’s Model labels the environment as the collection that influences the system behavior, but they are not part of an individual’s behavior. Interacting with friends and family members is part of the environment. Similarly, the ground comprises social factors such as technology, social connection, and economic conditions.  The environment consists of external and internal factors and argues that how an individual interacts with his background on an ongoing basis has a bearing on health and well-being (HOLADAY, 2018).  Nurses can manipulate some of these factors to attain the patient's health goal. The behavioral system tries to adjust the environmental factors to adapt to the forces that act upon it to maintain equilibrium. 

Conclusively, from the model, we can note that the nursing concept is an external regulatory force that provides resources while the patient is under stress or imposing regulatory mechanisms. In contrast, the person concept is the patient who may be under pressure or disturbance. On the other hand, the nursing concept is the affected person's entire state, which can be influenced by environmental factors outside the patient’s behavioral system. The four components contribute to the well-being and the health of an individual (Yoost & Crawford, 2019).

References

 HOLADAY, B. (2018). Dorothy Johnson’s behavioral system model and its applications. Nursing Theories Nursing Practice, 104. 

Karkhah, S., Ghazanfari, M. J., Norouzi, M., Khaleghdoust, T., Dahka, S. M., & Taheri, Z. (2020). Designing a nursing care plan based on Johnson's behavioral model in patients with wrist joint hematoma: A case study. Smith, M. C. (2019). Nursing theories and nursing practice. 

FA Davis. Yoost, B. L., & Crawford, L. R. (2019). Fundamentals of Nursing E-Book: Active Learning for Collaborative Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences.